| 课程号 |
01130210 |
学分 |
1 |
| 英文名称 |
Genetics Lab |
| 先修课程 |
遗传学,分子生物学 |
| 中文简介 |
本课程紧密配合遗传学课程而设置,通过从实验设计和理念的讲授,到实际的遗传实验操作,加深对课堂讲授内容的理解,拓展思维的空间。 我们的遗传学实验内容将细胞染色体水平、基因组水平,功能基因组水平的实验有机的融合在一起。不仅包括经典的验证性实验,而且引入了与科研密切相关的现代基因功能研究的实验。首先通过展示和讲授不同的模式动物(如果蝇、线虫和斑马鱼),让学生认识到模式动物的在遗传性研究中的重要性。通过染色体制备、观察和引入果蝇平衡染色体的使用,让学生真正从实际使用的层面了解染色体是基因的载体,认识基因是如何通过染色体传递遗传信息的。经典的正向遗传学验证性实验,我们将通过一个杂交实验,就可同时分析和验证遗传学的三大定律(基因的自由组合,分离定律,连锁定律)、伴性遗传,同时分析基因间的遗传距离;基因的互作则通过玉米的遗传实验实现。现代后基因组时代反向遗传学的实验,则强调基因突变对研究基因功能的重要性,通过功能丧失(loss of function)或者获得(gain of function)的基本策略实现基因突变后研究目的基因表型的目的,“Gal4/UAS系统(被称为果蝇遗传学研究的瑞士军刀)诱导癌基因在果蝇中异位表达”可以实现功能获得的目的,而 “利用Flp/FRT 系统构建果蝇的Mosiac克隆 (获得纯合突变克隆)”可以实现功能丧失的目的。同时传授这些系统的灵活和组合使用可以达到的不同目的,进而让学生自己设计实验,从而实现利用遗传性理念和工具在科学研究中研究基因功能的目的。
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| 英文简介 |
This course focuses on the genetics Lab from concept to design and practical procedure, closely related to the theory course in order to deepen and extend the knowlege and dimension of thinking. The content of this genetics Lab combined chromosome, molecular and functional experiments together, including classical genetic crosses and crosses of gene function used in modern scientific researches. Firstly, we introduce C. elegans, Drosophila and zebrafish as model animals to emphasize their importance and respective characters in the research of genetics. Then through the preparation and analysis of polytene chromosome, observation of chromosomes of different species and identification of phenotypes of balancers and mutants in fly, let students to know the genes on the chromosome and how the genetic message pass through chromosomes. We design a single cross in which the classical genetic laws of segregation, recombination, distance among genes and sexual linkage can be tested and verified at the same time. The complex network of interaction that give rise to multifactorial traits can be tested and analyzed by counting the number of different phenotypes of core kernels. For the gene functional research in the term of reverse genetics, we emphasize the significance of the mutation through the strategy of loss or gain of function. The ectopic expression of oncogene in fly eye using Gal4/UAS system (A Fly Geneticist’s Swiss Army Knife) and making Mosiac clones by FLP/FRT system are our extended experiments to achieve the goal of gain or loss of function. We also let students to design their own experiment using these versatile tools to study the function of genes. All these experiments are overlapped during the period of one semester.
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| 开课院系 |
生命科学学院 |
| 成绩记载方式 |
等级制 |
| 通识课所属系列 |
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| 授课语言 |
英文 |
| 教材 |
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| 参考书 |
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| 教学大纲 |
Genetics experiments are a fundamental core course. Through these experiments, students grasp the essence of genetic analysis through specific observation and practical operation, which strengthens their understanding of theoretical knowledge. Students will acquire a preliminary mastery of the thought processes, principles, and methods of modern genetic experimentation. They are encouraged to integrate relevant experimental principles, not only mastering the techniques but also understanding their applications in actual scientific research, thereby laying a solid foundation for future studies in related fields.
The content of the genetics experiments organically integrates experiments at the cellular chromosome level, the genomic level, and the functional genomic level. It includes not only classic verification experiments but also introduces modern gene function research experiments closely related to scientific inquiry. First, by showcasing and teaching different model organisms (such as Drosophila, C. elegans, and zebrafish), students are led to recognize the importance of model organisms in genetic research. Through chromosome preparation, observation, and the introduction of balancer chromosomes in Drosophila, students truly understand from a practical level that chromosomes are the carriers of genes and recognize how genes transmit genetic information through chromosomes.
For classic forward genetics verification experiments, we utilize a single hybridization experiment to simultaneously analyze and verify the three laws of genetics (Independent Assortment, Segregation, and Linkage), sex-linked inheritance, and the calculation of genetic distances between genes. Gene interaction is demonstrated through maize genetic experiments. Experiments in reverse genetics for the modern post-genomic era emphasize the importance of gene mutation in studying gene function. This is achieved through basic strategies of "loss of function" or "gain of function" to study the phenotype of target genes after mutation. The "Gal4/UAS system (known as the Swiss Army Knife of Drosophila genetics) for inducing ectopic expression of oncogenes in Drosophila" achieves gain-of-function goals, while "constructing Drosophila Mosaic clones using the Flp/FRT system (to obtain homozygous mutant clones)" achieves loss-of-function goals.
At the same time, the flexible and combinatorial use of these systems is taught to achieve various objectives, allowing students to design their own experiments and utilize genetic concepts and tools to study gene function in scientific research. All these experiments are interspersed throughout one semester.
Part 1: Be Familiar with Chromosomes Experiment 1 (Optional Experiment): Mitotic Chromosome Observation and Karyotype Analysis Experiment 2: Analyzing Homologous Chromosome Synapsis with Polytene Chromosomes Part 2: Introduction to Drosophila and genetic laws Experiment 3: Gender identification and Mutant Phenotype Observation of Drosophila melanogaster Experiment 4: Genetic Linkage Analysis in Drosophila melanogaster (Three-Point Test Cross Experiment) Experiment 5 (Optional Experiment): Genetic Analysis of Corn Seed Traits Part 3: Using Drosophila to study gene function Experiment 6: Studying Gene Functions Using Drosophila GAL4/UAS System Experiment 7: Using Flp/FRT System to Generate Mosaic Tissues Experiment 8: Using Balancer Chromosomes to Determine the Location of Transgenic Fragments
"Genetics Experiments" adopts a blended teaching model. The learning resources for the course are as follows:
1. Online Teaching Information
(1) Teaching Network: Electronic versions of course handouts and references for each lesson have been uploaded to the teaching network for students to download and study.
(2) MOOC Platform: https://www.chinesemooc.org/web/course_detail.php?courseid=4773 The course is open for learning on the Chinese MOOC platform. Please register on the platform and complete the MOOC final examination.
2. Offline Teaching Information Offline teaching consists of two parts: faculty lectures (1/3) and student experiments (2/3).
Lectures: The content covers the objectives, significance, procedures, and precautions related to the experiments. In addition, we strive to teach students the design philosophy of the experiments and the scientific significance of the results and phenomena. Necessary literature is provided for pre-class reading. This course requires the instructor in charge to remain in the classroom at all times to guide and correct students` operations, answer relevant questions, and encourage spontaneous discussion on related topics.
Student Experiments: This part is completed by students independently. It combines in-class and extracurricular activities. For example, chromosome preparation and the observation of Drosophila mutant phenotypes will be completed in class. Besides in-class operations, students are asked to take their Drosophila culture bottles back with them to observe and record "life diaries" of the fruit flies at any time.
Final grades are evaluated based on several aspects, including students` in-class experimental performance (2/3) and the completion of experimental reports (1/3). Grades are assigned for each individual experiment and then averaged at the end of the term. The course utilizes a grading scale system (e.g., A, B, C, D, F).
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| 教学评估 |
张泉:
学年度学期:21-22-1,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:80-85;
学年度学期:21-22-1,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:21-22-2,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:21-22-2,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-1,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-1,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-1,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-2,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-2,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-2,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:23-24-1,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:23-24-1,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:23-24-1,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:23-24-2,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:23-24-2,课程班:遗传学实验4,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:23-24-2,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:23-24-2,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:24-25-1,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:0.0,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:24-25-1,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:0.0,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:24-25-3,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:null;
学年度学期:25-26-1,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:4.9,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:25-26-2,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:null;
学年度学期:25-26-2,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:5.0,课程得分分数段:null;
学年度学期:25-26-2,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:5.0,课程得分分数段:null;
辛广伟:
学年度学期:19-20-1,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:19-20-2,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:85-90;
学年度学期:20-21-1,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:20-21-1,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:20-21-2,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:20-21-2,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:21-22-1,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:80-85;
学年度学期:21-22-1,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:21-22-2,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:21-22-2,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-1,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-1,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-1,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-2,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-2,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:22-23-2,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:23-24-1,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:23-24-1,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:23-24-1,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:23-24-2,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:23-24-2,课程班:遗传学实验4,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:23-24-2,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:23-24-2,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:24-25-1,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:0.0,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:24-25-1,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:0.0,课程得分分数段:90-95;
学年度学期:24-25-3,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:null;
学年度学期:25-26-1,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:4.79,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:25-26-1,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:4.74,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:25-26-1,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:4.86,课程得分分数段:95-100;
学年度学期:25-26-2,课程班:遗传学实验2,课程推荐得分:null,教师推荐得分:null,课程得分分数段:null;
学年度学期:25-26-2,课程班:遗传学实验3,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:5.0,课程得分分数段:null;
学年度学期:25-26-2,课程班:遗传学实验1,课程推荐得分:0.0,教师推荐得分:5.0,课程得分分数段:null;
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