| 课程号 |
E4030003 |
学分 |
3 |
| 英文名称 |
Studies on Important Figures in the History of the Communist Party of China |
| 先修课程 |
无 |
| 中文简介 |
本课程旨在通过对中国共产党历史上重要人物的系统学习，使学生深入了解中国共产党不同历史阶段的核心领导人物及其思想贡献，把握他们在中国革命、建设和改革中的作用和影响。最终，希望学生能够通过对人物的学习和研究，解读中国现代化进程的历史逻辑与实践逻辑，成为具有客观历史视角的跨文化传播者。 |
| 英文简介 |
This course aims to help students gain an in-depth understanding of the core leading figures of the CPC at different stages of history and their ideological contributions, and to grasp their roles and influences in China's revolution, construction and reform through the systematic study of key figures in the history of the CPC. Ultimately, it is hoped that students will be able to decode the logic of China's modernisation process through the study of figures, and become cross-cultural communicators with an objective historical perspective. |
| 开课院系 |
教务部 |
| 成绩记载方式 |
百分制 |
| 通识课所属系列 |
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| 授课语言 |
英文 |
| 教材 |
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| 参考书 |
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| 教学大纲 |
1.使学生了解中共党史上的重要人物的生平经历2.通过对中共党史上重要人物的学习，对中国共产党的历史和实践有更多的了解
Session 1：Chen Duxiu: Founder of the Communist Party of China（2学时）
This session aims to help students systematically grasp the dilemmas and logic of intellectuals` choice of action during China`s modern ideological transition through an analysis of the evolution of Chen Duxiu`s dual historical roles in the New Culture Movement and the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC). This session will focus on his founding of New Youth to promote the spread of democracy and science, his leadership in the May Fourth Movement, and his participation in the founding of the Communist Party of China. At the same time, the part will analyse the collision of Eastern and Western cultures (such as the influence of his Japanese schooling experience on the ideology of democracy) in his thought from an international perspective, so as to cultivate students to establish a framework for cross-cultural historical evaluation, to understand the complexity of the character`s choices in a particular historical context, and to guide students to form a three-dimensional understanding of the dynamics of social change in China in the twentieth century. They will be guided to develop a preliminary understanding of the dynamics of social change in 20th century in China.
Session 2：Li Dazhao: Pioneer in the spread of Marxism（2学时）
This session helps students understand the intertwined nature of ideological transformation and revolutionary practice in the 20th China by analysing Li Dazhao`s central role in the process of the Chineseisation of Marxism. It focuses on the influence of his Japanese study experience on the emergence of democratic ideas, his advocacy of scientific spirit during the New Youth period, his leadership role in the May Fourth Movement, and his theoretical contributions in the early years of the founding of the Party. This session will incorporate an international perspective, comparing the global socialist movements of the same period, exploring how Li Dazhao combined Western theories with Chinese reality, and developing students` ability to analyse the dynamics of historical change through case studies.
Session 3：Qu Qiubai: Early Theorist of the Communist Party of China（2学时）
Taking Qu Qiubai (1899-1935) as a case study, this session explores the ideological transformations and action choices of Chinese intellectuals in the revolutionary wave of the 20th century by analysing his multiple identities as a propagator of Marxism, an early leader of the Communist Party of China, and a literary critic. Combined with an international perspective, the course compares the differences in the paths of contemporaneous Russian intellectuals (e.g. Trotsky), and analyses how Qu Qiubai`s translation of the Internationale constructed the symbols of the revolutionary culture, and how the self-reflection of the ‘literati in politics’ in his posthumous work, Extra Words, reflected the cultural conflicts in modern China. Through archival documents, visual materials and interdisciplinary theories, students are guided to understand the complexity of evaluating historical figures and develop critical historical thinking.
Session 4：Mao Zedong: Innovator of the Leadership and Path of the New Democratic Revolution (1919-1949) （2学时）
This session focuses on Mao Zedong`s scientific judgement on the nature of the Chinese Revolution, and analyses the methodology of the division of ‘enemy, friend and foe’ in the Analysis of the Various Classes in Chinese Society and its significance in guiding the revolutionary united front. Through the cases of the Autumn Harvest Uprising and the construction of the base area in Jinggangshan, Zedong explains the breakthrough of the road of ‘encircling cities in the countryside’ to the Marxist theory of violent revolution. Combining the three major programmes of New Democracy (political overthrow of the three mountains, economic protection of national industry and commerce, and cultural development of a national, scientific and popular culture), the session will discuss how Mao Zedong reconstructed the leadership of the war of resistance through his writings such as On the Long War and analyse the role of the Rectification Movement in the unification of the Party`s ideology. The course will compare and contrast the lessons of Sun Yat-sen`s failed old democratic revolution, highlighting the historical inevitability of Mao`s assertion that ‘power comes out of the barrel of a gun’.
Session 5：Mao Zedong: Explorer of the Construction and Modernisation of the Socialist System (1949-1976) （2学时）
This session focuses on the reflection on the Soviet model in the ‘On the Ten Relationships’, and analyses the logic of the implementation of the ‘One Body, Two Wings’ general line during the period of socialist transformation (industrialisation as the main body, and the transformation of agriculture, handicrafts, and capitalist industry and commerce as the two wings). Through the 156 key projects, the historical rationality of the strategy of giving priority to the development of heavy industry and the roots of the urban-rural dual structure are discussed. This session will analyse the wisdom of cultural governance of the ‘Double Hundred Principles’ and the lessons learned from the expansion of the Anti-Rightist Movement in the context of the ‘Problems of Correctly Handling Internal Conflicts among the People’. This session will also take the ‘Two Bombs and One Star’ project as a starting point to explain the strategic significance of the concept of independent scientific and technological development in breaking the nuclear monopoly of the United States and the Soviet Union.
Session 6：Zhou Enlai: Founder of China’s Diplomacy（2学时）
Taking Zhou Enlai`s life trajectory as a vein, this session reveals how he fused Chinese and Western ideas to promote China`s modernisation process by analysing the key stages of his early years of study in Europe (e.g., his work-study trip to France), his leadership of the May Fourth Movement, and his participation in the founding of the Party and the practice of diplomacy in the new China. Highlights of this session include: 1. Combined with Zhou Enlai`s experience of organising revolutionary groups in France and founding the magazine Red Light, this part explores how international students can become a bridge between Chinese and foreign ideas; 2. Taking the Geneva and Bandung Conferences as case studies, this session explains how the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence put forward by Zhou Enlai have shaped the international image of China.
Session 7：Liu Shaoqi: Representative of the Communist Party of China in Theory and Economic Construction（2学时）
Taking Liu Shaoqi (1898-1969) as a case study, this session analyses the combination of intellectuals and revolutionary practice in the social change of 20th century China through the four dimensions of his career as a student, the practice of the workers` movement, the theoretical innovation of party building, and the construction of socialism. This session will focus on his change of mindset from Hunan student movement to studying in Russia (the first batch of students of Moscow Oriental University), his innovation of strategy in leading the strike of Anyuan coal miners, his theoretical breakthrough in CCP party building by proposing the ‘White Zone Working Line’, and his practical logic in promoting the restructuring of the national economy during his presidency of the State Council. In the meantime, students are guided to understand the path of modernisation with Chinese characteristics by comparing the similarities and differences between the Soviet Union`s economic model and Liu Shaoqi`s ‘theory of comprehensive and balanced development’ from an international perspective.
Session 8：Ren Bishi: ‘The Camel of the Chinese Communist Party’ （2学时）
This session will show students the spirit of Comrade Ren Bishi`s struggle through an analysis of his multiple roles (theorist, organiser and leader of the youth movement) in the early CCP revolution, the Long March, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and the founding of New China. This session will focus on his participation in the formulation of land reform policies, his leadership of the youth league, and his coordination of internal conflicts within the Party, as well as analysing the contemporary revelations of his ‘camel spirit’ in the light of video footage, i.e., how to maintain political stability and human warmth in the face of adversity. Through case discussions, students will be able to understand the multi-dimensional qualities of Chinese revolutionary leaders.
Session 9：Zhu De: The Main Founder of the Chinese People`s Liberation Army（2学时）
By analysing Zhu De`s journey from General of the Protectorate War to Commander-in-Chief of the People`s Liberation Army (PLA), this session helps students understand how the evolution of the CPC`s military strategy is linked to the social changes in modern China. This part focuses on three core elements: 1. Zhu De`s role in the Protectorate War, the Nanchang Uprising, and his leadership wisdom in the Red Army`s Long March; 2. Zhu De`s global commonality of tactical thinking in comparison to foreign militarists of the same period (e.g., those with backgrounds in the Soviet Union`s Voronzhi Academy); and 3. Zhu De`s concept of ‘people`s war’ as a revelation of contemporary social governance through the case study of the ‘Nanniwan Mass Production’. This session will combine video materials and battlefield maps to simplify the complex historical background and focus on the universal value of people`s choices.
Session 10：Peng Dehuai: Militant of the Chinese People`s Liberation Army（2学时）
With Marshal Peng Dehuai as the core, this session will help students understand the key turns in modern Chinese history by analysing the evolution of his military command, political involvement and historical evaluation. This part will focus on two major modules: 1. Military Contributions (Hundred Regiments War against Japan); 2. International Perspectives (China-U.S. Conflict in the Korean War). Through images, war correspondence and academic discussions, students are guided to explore the relationship between the complexity of historical character evaluation and the context of the times.
Session 11：Song Qingling: A Female Revolutionary Across East and West（2学时）
This session takes Song Qingling as a mirror image of social change in 20th century China, and through analysing her life trajectory from her marriage to Sun Yat-sen, educated both in the East and the West, her career as a diplomatic emissary of the new China, this session reveals the transformation of the role of the modern intellectual woman in the collision of tradition and modernity. This part will combine the family education model (Song`s father and brother`s concept of ‘superhuman elite cultivation’), revolutionary practice in an international perspective (participation in anti-Japanese salvation and founding of the Chinese Welfare Association), as well as the double breakthroughs in gender and politics (breaking through the limitations of the status of the ‘First Lady’ to become the Vice President of the State), to guide students to understand the interaction mechanism between individual destiny and historical trend, and to cultivate the method of analysing historical figures in a cross-cultural context. This session guides students to understand the mechanism of interaction between individual destiny and historical trend, and cultivates the method of historical figure analysis in cross-cultural context.
Session 12：Deng Yingchao: Pioneer of the Chinese Women`s Movement（2学时）
Taking Deng Yingchao as a case study, this session explores the multiple roles of Chinese women in revolution, politics and social change in the 20th century, by combing the evolution of her identity from a participant in the May Fourth Movement, a female warrior in the Long March, to a leader of the women`s movement in New China. This session will combine archival documents and visual materials to analyse her practice in promoting women`s participation in politics and legislation on children`s rights (e.g. her participation in the formulation of the Marriage Law), and compare the similarities and differences between international women`s movement leaders of the same period (e.g. Eleanor Roosevelt), so as to guide international students to understand the connection between the specificity of China`s women`s emancipation and the universality of the global gender equality. This session pays particular attention to the impact of Deng Yingchao`s revolutionary partnership with Zhou Enlai on the political ecology of modern China and her strategy of ‘flexible leadership’ in international diplomacy.
Session 13：Deng Xiaoping: From Revolutionary to Reform Pioneer (1921-1978) （2学时）
This session focuses on Deng Xiaoping`s political practice and theoretical reflection before the reform and opening up. Taking ‘On the Ten Relationships’ and ‘On the Correct Handling of Intra-People`s Contradictions’ as clues, this part analyses Deng Xiaoping`s strategies of economic governance under the planned economy (e.g. the formulation of the ‘Seventy Articles on Industry’ and attempts at technological importation) and his breakthrough contribution to breaking down dogmatism in the ‘Discussion on the Standard of Truth’ (真理标准大讨论). Deng Xiaoping`s breakthrough contribution to the elimination of dogmatism in the ‘Great Discussion on the Standard of Truth’. In the light of the Resolution on Certain Historical Issues of the Party since the Founding of the PRC, Deng Xiaoping`s dialectical evaluation of the achievements and mistakes of Mao Zedong`s era is explored, revealing how his methodology of ‘seeking truth from facts’ laid the groundwork for the reform and opening up of the country. Through his personal experience of ‘three falls and three rises’, Deng Xiaoping`s profound reflection on the nature of socialism, such as the pragmatic turn embodied in the ‘theory of black cats and white cats’, is also explained.
Session 14：Deng Xiaoping: Chief Architect of Reform and Opening Up (1978-1997) （2学时）
With the three major theoretical breakthroughs of ‘Southern Dialogue’, ‘One Country, Two Systems’ and ‘Socialist Market Economy’ as the core, this session analyzes how Deng Xiaoping pushed the Chineseisation of Marxism to a new height. Through cases such as the Shenzhen Special Zone Experiment, Deng Xiaoping explained the wisdom of ‘crossing the river by groping the stones’ and risk control strategies. In light of Deng Xiaoping`s ‘peace and development’ vision of the times, we analyse the significance of his ‘biding light and keeping darkness in the dark’ diplomatic strategy for China`s integration into globalisation, such as the unity of principle and flexibility in the negotiations on the return of Hong Kong to Chinese sovereignty. Compare and contrast with the failure of the Soviet Union`s ‘shock therapy’, explore the scientific validity of the gradual reform path, and reflect on the impact of the policy of ‘letting some people get rich first’ on social stratification.
Session 15：Chen Yun: Economic Strategist of New China（2学时）
This session focuses on Chen Yun`s practice of economic governance and Party building, from his exposure to Marxism in the Shanghai Correspondence Library to his participation in decision-making during the recovery of the national economy and the early years of reform and opening up. This session will analyse his practice of stabilising prices and unifying finance and economics in the early years of New China, as well as his theory of ‘comprehensive balance’ during the period of reform and opening-up. Through archival documents, economic policy cases, and analyses of relationships (e.g., collaboration and disagreement with Deng Xiaoping), this part help students understand the historical logic of the CCP`s economic governance and self-innovation.
Session 16：Course Review（2学时）
This will be a concluding session, tracing the history of modern China and reviewing the important figures in the history of the Communist Party of China covered in the semester. This session will also include a Q'||chr(38)||'A on issues of concern to the students. The course questionnaire and on-site discussion will be distributed to find out the students` opinions and suggestions on this course, which will help to improve the overall design of this course next time.
课堂讲授+随堂讨论汇报
考勤（10%）课堂汇报讨论（40%）期末论文（50%）
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